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嘛，这一次介绍的是图纸船
欢乐多的毛子们是如何再现图纸船的呢？
看完文章就明白了
顺便你们也能知道几条图纸船的信息。
As we have previously mentioned, World of Warships features many so-called “paper ships” — ships that were never built, existing only as plans and sketches. A lot of these exotic projects lend variety to the game’s design processes, and also help sustain balance in the nations’ tech trees. Among them is the USS Montana — the only American battleship capable of offering a challenge to the well-known Yamato. Though in reality this steel giant was never constructed, in World of Warships these two rivals will be able to meet and fight for the first time!
我们之前就说过了，WOWS里面有所谓图纸船，就是那些仅存在于图纸上面的战舰。在游戏开发过程中，我们见识了不少奇奇怪怪的图纸船，有些就被我们选入科技树里面了。其中就包括萌**…………我的意思是，蒙大拿————美系唯一有资格和撑伞的大姐姐对抗的战列舰。虽然这钢铁巨兽并没有完全做出来，不过在WOWS的10级房中，每天都能看到这对好姬友在相爱相杀。
First Steps
第一步
Today we’re going to talk about the difficulties of bringing paper ships to life. In order to create a model that looks authentic, the artists and game designers need more than just one sketch — theoretical drawings, plans of the decks and platforms, armament schemes, the general arrangement of machines, cellars, ship mechanisms, devices and equipment — are all necessary. In fact, poring over all the available material is the first and most labour-intensive part of designing a paper ship. We put ourselves in the shoes of the original designers and consider the characteristics that were introduced in the construction of these ships: how did engineering develop during that time? What vessels came before the paper ship? What kinds of materials were used and what technologies were applied? Using all available information, we design the layouts of the modules, including the power plant, armament, armor, artillery cellar, hangars with aircraft catapults, boats and much more.
今天我们就来讨论一下我们是如何制作这些图纸船的。首先，为了制作比较真实的模型，美工和设计师需要大量的资料————不仅仅是草图，还要技术资料，甲板的结构，武器配备，轮机舱的位置…………等等，不一而足。事实上，收集这些资料是第一步，但却是最耗费人力物力的一步。我们要设身处地，想想自己就是设计师，然后考虑各个问题：当时的工程学是如何发展的呢？ 什么船是这条图纸船的前身呢？当时这条船用了什么材料和科技呢？运用手头所有能用的信息，我们设计出各个部件：包括动力设备，武器，装甲，各个舱室还有弹射器，救生艇这些。
Along with this, the mass load is determined. Mass load is the combined weight of all the parts that comprise the vessel. A ship structure consists of a fixed and variable weight: fixed weight is the weight of the hull, weapons, armor, machinery, electrical equipment, and other necessary devices — the variable weight includes fuel, ammunition, crew, and other freight.
把这些做出来之后，载重这个数据就确定下来了。载重是指船上所有东西的质量综合。一条船的结构包括固定重量和可变重量，固定重量包括船体，武器，装甲，轮机，电子设备以及其他必须设备的总重。可变重量，顾名思义，就是燃料，弹药，船员以及其他货物的总重
At each stage of layout, the overall displacement of the ship is checked, as well as its margin of stability. After all, if all the stuff on a ship weighs too much, then you may have to sacrifice armor, or install a smaller power plant. If most of the important modules simply cannot fit into the body — or on the contrary, there’s lots of free space — you have to go back to modifying the dimensions of the ship’s body, increasing or decreasing its length, width, draft and height.
Thus, by using a method of successive approximations, a balanced ship is created. It’s no exaggeration to say that the techniques used to design paper ships are exactly the same as the process for real ships.
在每一阶段的设计中，我们都会对排水量进行检测，当然，还有稳定余量。毕竟如果船只过重，你就得牺牲装甲或者采用小型锅炉。如果某些重要模组和船体对不上号，那你就得返工重新调试船体了。因此，经过一步步的估算，一条比较平衡的船就做出来了。毫不夸张的说，我们在设计这些图纸船过程中所采用的技术和造真实船只的技术别无二致。
The Design Process
设计过程
Though the techniques used to design a paper ship are well established, we can encounter many pitfalls during the process. For example, someone may bring up a lack of engine power. In order to ensure the ship in question can raise enough speed for its class, we must choose a power plant capable of supplying the necessary power. To do this, you need to explore all the available information on propulsion systems that were installed similar ships, taking into consideration all those that could have existed during the selected period of history. As an example, let’s have a look at project G-15, the Japanese Super Taiho, which was the successor to the Taiho, the most advanced aircraft carrier of the Imperial Navy.
虽然我们已经确定了设计图纸船的技术，不过我们在设计过程中经常遇上麻烦。比如，有的时候碰上动力不足的问题，为了确保这条船有足够的速度，我们必须选择合适的动力设备确保船只有足够的功率。 为了做到这一点，我们得搜索任何有关这条船推进系统的资料，然后将这些带入到那个特定年代的环境。举个例子，G-15，或者说改大凤型（PS：毛子这里所说的G-15似乎和我们所认识的G-15不同，毛子这个G-15比真实的G-15大了一圈，估计是另外一个设计方案，下文称这条图纸船为SG-15这点请注意），大凤的后继者，日本最新锐的航母。
According to all the sketches and drawings, the air group of project G-15 included more than a hundred aircraft. However, after we did our own calculations, we concluded that the total number simply could not fit inside the ship as we were planning it — we would have had to significantly increase the size of the housing, which in turn would affect the speed and seaworthiness of the ship. So, if we wanted the carrier to develop the desired speed, we would have to increase the required number of propellers up to six (which would “inflate” the size of the ship), or alternatively, look for a new power plant with more power per shaft.
根据资料显示，G-15可以搭载100多架飞机（嘛，其实我们所知的G-15没那么多搭载量）。然而，根据我们的测算，内部空间不够，因此我们必须扩大格纳空间，但这有可能会影响到船速以及适航性。所以，要想达到理论速度，要么变成6轴推进（这样会改变船的外形），或者使用出力更大的设备。
两张图显示大凤与这个所谓的SG-15的搭载量区别：
We solved the problem with the help of historical consultants who found material that Japanese engineers had tried to use to develop a new kind of power plant. But, due to the lack of resources coupled with a difficult economic situation during the war, the power plant never saw final production. Fortunately, we don’t have that problem! The new power plant fit the body like a glove, enlarged slightly to accommodate the hangars, and could attain 240,000 horsepower, which radically changed the situation.
在我们（热爱玩舰娘的）顾问的协助下，我们找到一份资料。资料显示，日本工程师曾计划设计一种新的动力设备，不过由于战争末期，资源不足，这种新锐动力组未能投产。幸运的是，我们没有这个问题。新动力设备和G-15的船体很适合，就像手套那样，这个有着24万马力的动力组，彻底的改变了局面
（嘛，不愧是舰政本部黑科技，就现在这个情况来看，哪天白毛子说自己已经掌握了日本当年有心智模型，超重力炮，克莱因力场的证据都不奇怪）
The Three Lexingtons
三条列克星敦
Another difficulty in designing paper ships is incorporating external limitations that must also be taken into account. For example, when you are expanding the ship’s body, you cannot ignore the size of the docks; indeed, all American ships were built with the Panama C** in mind.
在设计船只时，还有一个难题，就是要考虑很多外部限制条件。比如，当你在拓宽船体时，你不能忽略港口的尺寸，就比如说，美国设计的军舰，都要能通过巴拿马运河。
One of the most interesting representatives of aircraft carriers was the Lexington class; a series of heavy aircraft carriers from the United States Navy during the 1920s. According to the results of the Washington Treaty in 1922, leading countries such as Japan, USA, Britain, France and Italy imposed restrictions on the construction of new linear and capital ships, the displacement of which exceeds 35,000 tons.
就以美国在20年代建造的列克星敦级为例，。根据1922年的**海军条约，日本 美国 英国 意大利 法国都被限制了新型战舰的建造，已经35000吨排水量的限制。
As a result, unfinished ships had to be disassembled, including six battle cruisers of the Lexington class. As it was provided in the contract, displacement of carriers was limited by 27,000 tons, “except for two aircraft carriers, which can have a displacement up to 33,000 tons, and for the construction body of battleships and battle cruisers can be used, which upon contract were to be disassembled.” As a result, two unfinished cruisers of the same type were completed in five years.
所以说，没有完工的船就必须拆解，包括6条列克星敦级战巡。按照条约规定，除了2条航母可以有33000吨的排水量，其他航母被限制在27000吨，这些未完成的战巡可以被改造成航母。因此，2条未完工的战巡就被改造成了航母
Eventually, the project turned out pretty ambiguous. On one hand, new ships had good anti-torpedo protection, large cellars for air-bombs, and powerful lifts for aircraft. On the other hand, the aircraft carrier was a half-knot slower than if it was built from scratch. Its hangars and fuel tanks were significantly smaller and the runway lacked width due to the shape of the body. In addition, the transformation from cruisers didn’t cost any less than building a completely new aircraft.
最终，整个计划都被证明是含糊不清的。一方面，新船有良好的鱼雷防护措施，对轰炸防护也不错，还有不错的升降机。但另一方面，列克星敦航母比原计划慢了半节。机库和油箱也变小了，因为船身的缘故，飞行跑道也不宽。另外，对列克星敦进行改造的费用不必新建一条航母要少。
Our task was to design a third, unproduced aircraft carrier of the Lexington class. According to the plan, it had to be based on an unfit-to-launch cruiser of the same class. That was the CC-4 Ranger, the sixth in a series of unfinished cruisers。
我们的任务就是设计第3种列克星敦，图纸上的列克星敦航母。按照计划，列克星敦级的其他几条舰应该按照这个方案改造，也就是CC-4“游骑兵号，列克星敦级的6号舰。
如图所示：
This decision allowed us to expand the body, keeping the same length as in original Lexington. In this case, we took into account all the external factors, such as limiting the width of the Panama C** and a loss of speed due to increased water resistance. We have managed to place an enlarged hangar, expanded flight deck, and change the location of the guns.
这个方案让我们在保持原有长度的情况下拓宽船体，在这里，我们要考虑所有的外部因素，比如巴拿马运河的宽度以及导致速度下降的水流阻力。我们还要增大机库，拓宽飞行甲板，以及修改火炮的布局。
As on Lexington and Saratoga, cellars were placed far enough away from the guns to make it quite difficult to supply ammunition and gunpowder to them. In our design, the cellars are located directly under the guns. Another major change was a new layout for engine and boiler rooms. We even managed to fix a number of layout problems in the original Lexington by redistributing the load mass.
列克星敦和萨拉托加的舱室之间都有一定的距离，这使得为战机进行补给很困难。在我们的设计中，弹药库是直接置于主炮下面的。另一个改变就是轮机舱的新布局，我们通过减重，修正了原有布局的一些问题
The main difficulty in designing “paper ships” is that we need to re-create the most authentic, viable ship based only on publicly available sketches and on previously unexplored historical materials. Often on these projects, the internal arrangement of major vehicle modules was not taken into account, such as engine and boiler rooms, or the cellars. When we encounter that, we have to carefully review and, in fact, re-design the interior layout of the ship.
设计图纸船的一个主要问题在于，我们要用手头的资料来重新制作一条看上去比较真实可信的战舰。在这些方案当中，很多没有考虑内部结构，比如轮机舱，弹药库之类的。当我们碰上这类问题，我们得仔细检查，重新设计船只的内部结构。
When working on the Japanese cruiser Senjo (1941), placing the power plant was necessary to change the location of the gun turrets in the extremities of the hull. In order to provide heavy extremities with buoyancy we gave it a bit more of a complete form. In addition, the cruiser had to have triple-gun turrets, which in reality weren’t built. Unfortunately, their drawings and sketches were never found, and because of that, we had to design them based on other Japanese turrets of the same period.
当我们在设计日本巡洋舰Senjo【仙丈，毛子给图纸船YY的名字，嘛，日本有座名为仙丈岳的山，符合IJN命名规则】时，为了放置动力设备，调整炮塔布局就很有必要了。为了设定极端的浮力条件，我们需要一个完整的船体结构。另外，这条船是3连装203火炮（这条船是丸六计划中的一条重巡），这个炮历史上没有，不幸的是，我们也没找到相关图纸，因此我们只有以同时期日系炮塔为蓝本进行设计了。
以上就是本期文章的主要内容
感谢收看
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发表于 2015-3-3 20:42:34
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